每(mei)經(jing)記者｜石(shi)雨昕    每(mei)經(jing)編輯｜賈運可     

3月(yue)19日，據(ju)新華(hua)社報道，為進(jin)一(yi)步(bu)理清(qing)食品安(an)全(quan)監(jian)管責任，建(jian)立健全(quan)協同監(jian)管機制(zhi)，強化全(quan)鏈條監(jian)管合力，堅決守(shou)牢食品安(an)全(quan)底線，切實保障人(ren)民群眾身體(ti)健康和生命安(an)全(quan)，中(zhong)(zhong)共(gong)中(zhong)(zhong)央辦(ban)公廳、國務院辦(ban)公廳近日發布《關于進(jin)一(yi)步(bu)強化食品安(an)全(quan)全(quan)鏈條監(jian)管的(de)意(yi)見(jian)》（以下(xia)簡稱《意(yi)見(jian)》）。

每日經濟新聞

強化肉類產品(pin)(pin)檢(jian)驗檢(jian)疫出證查(cha)驗、建立(li)實施(shi)散裝(zhuang)液態食(shi)品(pin)(pin)運(yun)輸準運(yun)制度、加強網(wang)絡訂餐線上線下一體(ti)化監管(guan)、完(wan)善(shan)校園食(shi)品(pin)(pin)安全協同管(guan)理機(ji)制……記者注意(yi)到，聚焦百姓關切的食(shi)品(pin)(pin)安全問題，《意(yi)見》提出了(le)諸多有針(zhen)對性(xing)的創新舉措(cuo)。

中(zhong)國(guo)消(xiao)費經(jing)濟學會副理事長、北京工(gong)商(shang)大學商(shang)業經(jing)濟研究(jiu)所所長洪濤接(jie)受(shou)《每(mei)日經(jing)濟新(xin)聞(wen)》記(ji)者(zhe)微信采(cai)訪時表示，《意(yi)見》的(de)發布有利(li)于解決人們(men)生(sheng)活(huo)中(zhong)關注的(de)食品安全問題(ti)，特(te)別是“條(tiao)塊分割”問題(ti)。

強化全鏈條監管合力

針對食用農產品(pin)種(zhong)植(zhi)養殖(zhi)和食品(pin)生產、貯存、運(yun)輸、寄遞和配送、銷售、消費(fei)、進口等覆蓋從農田到餐桌全鏈(lian)條(tiao)各環(huan)節監管銜接存在(zai)的問題，《意見(jian)》提出了21條(tiao)具體措施(shi)。

洪濤表(biao)示，《意見》真(zhen)正實現了從田(tian)頭到餐桌(zhuo)、從枝頭到舌頭、從車(che)間到炕頭、從農村到城市、從國(guo)外到國(guo)內的“全鏈條監(jian)管(guan)”。這將進一步(bu)厘清食品安全監(jian)管(guan)責任，建立健(jian)全協(xie)同(tong)監(jian)管(guan)機(ji)制(zhi)，強化全鏈條監(jian)管(guan)合力，堅(jian)決守牢食品安全底(di)線，切(qie)實保障人民群眾身體健(jian)康和生命安全。

《意見》明確(que)，嚴格落(luo)實(shi)食(shi)用(yong)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)品質量(liang)安(an)全(quan)監(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)職(zhi)責(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)。生(sheng)態環境部(bu)門負(fu)責(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)推進(jin)(jin)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)用(yong)地(di)土壤重金屬污染溯源和整治。農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村部(bu)門負(fu)責(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)履(lv)(lv)行食(shi)用(yong)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)品從種(zhong)植養殖到進(jin)(jin)入批(pi)發、零售市(shi)場(chang)或生(sheng)產(chan)加(jia)工(gong)企業(ye)(ye)前的質量(liang)安(an)全(quan)監(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)職(zhi)責(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)；市(shi)場(chang)監(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)部(bu)門負(fu)責(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)履(lv)(lv)行食(shi)用(yong)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)品進(jin)(jin)入批(pi)發、零售市(shi)場(chang)或生(sheng)產(chan)加(jia)工(gong)企業(ye)(ye)后(hou)的質量(liang)安(an)全(quan)監(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)職(zhi)責(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)。縣級以(yi)上(shang)地(di)方政府(fu)(fu)要認真(zhen)落(luo)實(shi)食(shi)用(yong)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)品質量(liang)安(an)全(quan)屬地(di)管(guan)(guan)理(li)責(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)任，加(jia)強監(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)能力建設，研究解決本(ben)級食(shi)用(yong)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)品質量(liang)安(an)全(quan)監(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)中的職(zhi)能交叉(cha)和監(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)空(kong)白問題，避(bi)免出現監(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)漏洞和盲(mang)區。鄉(xiang)鎮政府(fu)(fu)要落(luo)實(shi)食(shi)用(yong)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)品質量(liang)安(an)全(quan)監(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)責(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)任。

洪(hong)濤表示，《意見(jian)》的實(shi)施，需要政(zheng)府(fu)各個部(bu)門相互協作，省、地、縣、鄉落(luo)實(shi)主(zhu)體責任(ren)。

《意見(jian)》明確，加(jia)快(kuai)建立食(shi)用(yong)農(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)品質量(liang)安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)追(zhui)溯(su)協作(zuo)和執(zhi)法合作(zuo)機制(zhi)。農(nong)(nong)業農(nong)(nong)村(cun)部要(yao)會同市場(chang)監(jian)管(guan)(guan)總局等部門制(zhi)定食(shi)用(yong)農(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)品質量(liang)安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)追(zhui)溯(su)管(guan)(guan)理辦法，建立健全(quan)(quan)(quan)食(shi)用(yong)農(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)品質量(liang)安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)追(zhui)溯(su)目(mu)錄。農(nong)(nong)業農(nong)(nong)村(cun)、市場(chang)監(jian)管(guan)(guan)部門要(yao)建立食(shi)用(yong)農(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)品質量(liang)安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)監(jian)管(guan)(guan)信息共(gong)享及反饋(kui)機制(zhi)，加(jia)強(qiang)食(shi)用(yong)農(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)品質量(liang)安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)風險(xian)防范，強(qiang)化輿情監(jian)測和應(ying)急處置協調聯動(dong)；密(mi)切食(shi)用(yong)農(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)品質量(liang)安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)行政執(zhi)法協調協作(zuo)，對突出問(wen)題進行專項治理整頓。

推“互聯網+明廚亮灶”

《意見》明確，加強(qiang)網絡訂餐線上線下一(yi)體化(hua)(hua)監(jian)管。市場監(jian)管部門要會(hui)同工業和(he)信(xin)息化(hua)(hua)、網信(xin)等部門對存在食品安全(quan)嚴重(zhong)違法(fa)情形的平(ping)臺依法(fa)處置。推動平(ping)臺和(he)商戶實行(xing)“互聯網+明廚亮灶”，強(qiang)化(hua)(hua)無堂(tang)食外賣監(jian)管和(he)社(she)會(hui)監(jian)督。

洪(hong)濤表示，食品(pin)安全涉及網(wang)(wang)絡訂(ding)餐線(xian)(xian)上(shang)線(xian)(xian)下，因(yin)此，采取一(yi)體(ti)化(hua)(hua)監(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)具有重要(yao)意(yi)義，如果(guo)“管(guan)緊線(xian)(xian)下，放開線(xian)(xian)上(shang)，或者(zhe)管(guan)緊線(xian)(xian)上(shang)，放開線(xian)(xian)上(shang)”，都(dou)不可(ke)能把食品(pin)安全管(guan)理好(hao)，網(wang)(wang)絡平臺、食品(pin)生(sheng)產者(zhe)入網(wang)(wang)以及入網(wang)(wang)行為都(dou)需要(yao)一(yi)體(ti)化(hua)(hua)監(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)。《意(yi)見》提出推動平臺和(he)(he)商戶(hu)實行“互聯網(wang)(wang)+明(ming)廚(chu)亮灶(zao)”，強化(hua)(hua)無堂食外賣(mai)監(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)和(he)(he)社(she)會監(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)。這也強調了對新型業態監(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)十(shi)分(fen)(fen)重要(yao)。另(ling)一(yi)方面，主播及其機構規范運(yun)(yun)營(ying)，廣告(gao)活動依(yi)法(fa)運(yun)(yun)營(ying)，生(sheng)產者(zhe)保持(chi)線(xian)(xian)上(shang)線(xian)(xian)下同(tong)標同(tong)質(zhi)，這都(dou)需要(yao)一(yi)體(ti)化(hua)(hua)監(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)。因(yin)此，“一(yi)體(ti)化(hua)(hua)”十(shi)分(fen)(fen)重要(yao)，也十(shi)分(fen)(fen)關(guan)鍵。

《意見》明確，壓實網(wang)絡(luo)食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)品銷(xiao)(xiao)售從業主(zhu)(zhu)體(ti)責任。網(wang)絡(luo)交易(yi)平(ping)臺企(qi)業要(yao)按(an)規定設(she)置專門的食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)品安全(quan)管理機構(gou)或指定專職食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)品安全(quan)管理人員(yuan)；嚴格(ge)審查食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)品生(sheng)產(chan)經(jing)營者入(ru)網(wang)銷(xiao)(xiao)售主(zhu)(zhu)體(ti)資(zi)質(zhi)(zhi)，規范(fan)主(zhu)(zhu)體(ti)信息(xi)、食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)品信息(xi)刊載公示，依法(fa)對(dui)食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用農產(chan)品承諾達標合格(ge)證展示、藥物殘留(liu)檢測等進行檢查把關；加強入(ru)網(wang)銷(xiao)(xiao)售行為(wei)過程管控，及(ji)時發現違(wei)規行為(wei)并作出(chu)相(xiang)應(ying)處置。主(zhu)(zhu)播(bo)及(ji)其服務機構(gou)要(yao)規范(fan)開展營銷(xiao)(xiao)活(huo)動，依法(fa)對(dui)其推薦的食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)品進行查驗。廣告(gao)活(huo)動參(can)與(yu)者要(yao)依法(fa)開展食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)品類互聯網(wang)廣告(gao)設(she)計(ji)、制(zhi)作、代理、發布等。食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)品生(sheng)產(chan)經(jing)營者要(yao)嚴把質(zhi)(zhi)量安全(quan)關，保持線上(shang)線下同標同質(zhi)(zhi)。從業主(zhu)(zhu)體(ti)明知或應(ying)知產(chan)品違(wei)法(fa)但未采取相(xiang)關處置措(cuo)施的，依法(fa)承擔相(xiang)應(ying)責任。

封面圖片來源(yuan)：每日經(jing)濟新聞(wen)