國(guo)家統計局5月12日發(fa)布的(de)2013年(nian)(nian)(nian)農(nong)民工(gong)(gong)監測調(diao)查(cha)報告顯示，2013年(nian)(nian)(nian)全國(guo)農(nong)民工(gong)(gong)總量26894萬(wan)(wan)(wan)人，比上年(nian)(nian)(nian)增(zeng)加633萬(wan)(wan)(wan)人，增(zeng)長2.4%。其中，外出農(nong)民工(gong)(gong)(即在(zai)(zai)(zai)戶(hu)籍所在(zai)(zai)(zai)鄉鎮地域外從(cong)業的(de)農(nong)民工(gong)(gong))16610萬(wan)(wan)(wan)人，增(zeng)加274萬(wan)(wan)(wan)人，增(zeng)長1.7%；本地農(nong)民工(gong)(gong)10284萬(wan)(wan)(wan)人，增(zeng)加359萬(wan)(wan)(wan)人，增(zeng)長3.6%。數(shu)據表明(ming)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)我(wo)國(guo)農(nong)民工(gong)(gong)人數(shu)繼續(xu)增(zeng)加的(de)同時，農(nong)民工(gong)(gong)總量增(zeng)速呈持續(xu)回落(luo)態(tai)勢，農(nong)民工(gong)(gong)就(jiu)地就(jiu)近轉移增(zeng)加較多。

國家統計(ji)局住戶調查辦公室專項調查處處長陽俊雄(xiong)分(fen)析，近(jin)年(nian)農(nong)(nong)民(min)工(gong)(gong)總量(liang)(liang)增(zeng)長有(you)兩(liang)個特點(dian)：一是(shi)本(ben)地(di)(di)農(nong)(nong)民(min)工(gong)(gong)增(zeng)長無論(lun)數量(liang)(liang)還是(shi)速度都快于外出農(nong)(nong)民(min)工(gong)(gong)，2013年(nian)本(ben)地(di)(di)農(nong)(nong)民(min)工(gong)(gong)增(zeng)加359萬(wan)人(ren)，增(zeng)長3.6%，分(fen)別(bie)比(bi)外出農(nong)(nong)民(min)工(gong)(gong)多85萬(wan)人(ren)和(he)高(gao)1.9個百(bai)分(fen)點(dian)，就地(di)(di)就近(jin)轉(zhuan)移成為新特點(dian)；二是(shi)農(nong)(nong)民(min)工(gong)(gong)總量(liang)(liang)增(zeng)速呈持續回落態勢，2011年(nian)、2012年(nian)、2013年(nian)增(zeng)速分(fen)別(bie)比(bi)上年(nian)下降1.0、0.5和(he)1.5個百(bai)分(fen)點(dian)。這兩(liang)個特點(dian)，一方(fang)(fang)面(mian)表(biao)明(ming)，隨著(zhu)國家加大中(zhong)(zhong)西部發展(zhan)支持力(li)度，以及經濟結(jie)構調整(zheng)升級過(guo)程中(zhong)(zhong)產業在區域(yu)間的(de)轉(zhuan)移，有(you)力(li)促進了(le)中(zhong)(zhong)西部地(di)(di)區經濟發展(zhan)，加速了(le)中(zhong)(zhong)西部地(di)(di)區農(nong)(nong)村勞(lao)動(dong)力(li)的(de)就地(di)(di)就近(jin)轉(zhuan)移；另一方(fang)(fang)面(mian)說明(ming)，隨著(zhu)我(wo)國勞(lao)動(dong)年(nian)齡(ling)人(ren)口峰值(zhi)的(de)到來，農(nong)(nong)業轉(zhuan)移人(ren)口在城鎮落戶的(de)增(zeng)加，農(nong)(nong)村剩余勞(lao)動(dong)力(li)供給(gei)也即將面(mian)臨(lin)拐點(dian)。

在(zai)農民(min)工(gong)數量持續增長的同時，農民(min)工(gong)的素(su)質也在(zai)提高(gao)。目前我國二、三產業(ye)從業(ye)人員中(zhong)農民(min)工(gong)數量早已超過(guo)半數，2013年(nian)，接受(shou)過(guo)技能(neng)培訓(xun)(xun)的農民(min)工(gong)占32.7%，比(bi)上年(nian)提高(gao)1.9個百分(fen)點，各(ge)年(nian)齡段中(zhong)接受(shou)過(guo)培訓(xun)(xun)的農民(min)工(gong)所占比(bi)重(zhong)均有不同程(cheng)度提高(gao)。

近(jin)年(nian)來(lai)，農民工外出務工月(yue)收入水平持(chi)續快(kuai)速提高。

國家統計局(ju)的(de)(de)分析認為，近年農民(min)工(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)平(ping)快(kuai)速(su)提高(gao)，既是國民(min)經(jing)濟持(chi)(chi)續(xu)快(kuai)速(su)增長(chang)的(de)(de)結果，也是農民(min)工(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)平(ping)長(chang)期偏低這一不正常現(xian)象的(de)(de)合理回歸。農民(min)工(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)平(ping)持(chi)(chi)續(xu)快(kuai)速(su)提高(gao)是多方面因素的(de)(de)綜合作用，一是最(zui)(zui)低工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)平(ping)標(biao)準(zhun)不斷提高(gao)，2013年有(you)27個省(區、市)相繼提高(gao)了最(zui)(zui)低工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)標(biao)準(zhun)；另一方面，也是我國勞(lao)動(dong)力市場供求關系正在發生深刻(ke)變化、城市生活成(cheng)本迅速(su)上升等現(xian)實情況的(de)(de)客觀反(fan)映。

調查顯示，與2008年(nian)(nian)(nian)相(xiang)比，農民(min)工(gong)(gong)權益保(bao)(bao)(bao)障(zhang)(zhang)取得了較(jiao)為(wei)明顯的(de)進展。參加養老保(bao)(bao)(bao)險、工(gong)(gong)傷保(bao)(bao)(bao)險、醫療保(bao)(bao)(bao)險、失(shi)業(ye)保(bao)(bao)(bao)險和(he)生育保(bao)(bao)(bao)險的(de)比例(li)(li)分別提(ti)高了5.9、4.4、4.5、5.4和(he)4.6個百分點；工(gong)(gong)資拖欠(qian)問題也得到有(you)(you)效遏制，工(gong)(gong)資被拖欠(qian)的(de)外出農民(min)工(gong)(gong)所占比重由2008年(nian)(nian)(nian)的(de)4.1%下降到0.8%，下降了3.3個百分點。2013年(nian)(nian)(nian)外出農民(min)工(gong)(gong)權益保(bao)(bao)(bao)障(zhang)(zhang)情況(kuang)有(you)(you)喜有(you)(you)憂(you)(you)。喜的(de)是參加社會(hui)保(bao)(bao)(bao)險的(de)農民(min)工(gong)(gong)比例(li)(li)繼(ji)續提(ti)高，憂(you)(you)的(de)是超時勞(lao)動(dong)問題沒有(you)(you)緩解，工(gong)(gong)資拖欠(qian)問題依然存在，簽訂勞(lao)動(dong)合同的(de)比例(li)(li)依然不高。 (記者朱劍(jian)紅(hong))

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