新華社北(bei)京9月14日(ri)電  近日(ri)，中央辦(ban)公(gong)廳印發新修訂(ding)的《專業技術(shu)類(lei)公(gong)務(wu)員管(guan)理規(gui)定》和《行(xing)政(zheng)執法類(lei)公(gong)務(wu)員管(guan)理規(gui)定》（以下簡稱兩(liang)個《規(gui)定》）。兩(liang)個《規(gui)定》公(gong)開發布(bu)之際，中央組(zu)織部負責人就有關(guan)修訂(ding)和貫徹實(shi)施等問題，回答了記者(zhe)提(ti)問。

問：這次修訂兩(liang)個《規(gui)定》的背景和意(yi)義是什么？

答(da)：習(xi)近平總(zong)書記在黨(dang)的(de)(de)二十大報告中(zhong)強調，全(quan)面(mian)建設(she)社會(hui)主(zhu)義現代(dai)化國(guo)家，必須有(you)一支政治(zhi)過硬(ying)、適應(ying)新時代(dai)要求、具備領(ling)導(dao)(dao)現代(dai)化建設(she)能(neng)(neng)力的(de)(de)干部(bu)(bu)(bu)隊(dui)伍(wu)(wu)。公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)隊(dui)伍(wu)(wu)是(shi)黨(dang)的(de)(de)干部(bu)(bu)(bu)隊(dui)伍(wu)(wu)的(de)(de)重要組(zu)成部(bu)(bu)(bu)分(fen)，是(shi)全(quan)面(mian)建設(she)社會(hui)主(zhu)義現代(dai)化國(guo)家、全(quan)面(mian)推進(jin)中(zhong)華民族偉大復興(xing)的(de)(de)骨干力量。公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)法(fa)規(gui)(gui)定(ding)(ding)，公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)劃分(fen)為綜(zong)合(he)(he)(he)管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)類(lei)、專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)技術(shu)類(lei)、行(xing)政執(zhi)(zhi)法(fa)類(lei)等(deng)類(lei)別。綜(zong)合(he)(he)(he)管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)類(lei)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)是(shi)從事規(gui)(gui)劃、組(zu)織、決策、指揮、監督及機(ji)關(guan)內部(bu)(bu)(bu)管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)等(deng)工作(zuo)的(de)(de)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)，專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)技術(shu)類(lei)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)是(shi)專(zhuan)(zhuan)門從事專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)技術(shu)工作(zuo)、為機(ji)關(guan)履(lv)行(xing)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)責(ze)提供(gong)技術(shu)支持(chi)和(he)保障(zhang)的(de)(de)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)，行(xing)政執(zhi)(zhi)法(fa)類(lei)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)是(shi)依照(zhao)(zhao)法(fa)律、法(fa)規(gui)(gui)對行(xing)政相對人(ren)直接履(lv)行(xing)執(zhi)(zhi)法(fa)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)責(ze)的(de)(de)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)。2016年(nian)7月，中(zhong)央(yang)辦公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)廳、國(guo)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)院辦公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)廳印(yin)發《專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)技術(shu)類(lei)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)規(gui)(gui)定(ding)(ding)（試行(xing)）》和(he)《行(xing)政執(zhi)(zhi)法(fa)類(lei)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)規(gui)(gui)定(ding)(ding)（試行(xing)）》，以非領(ling)導(dao)(dao)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)為參照(zhao)(zhao)建立兩類(lei)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)序(xu)列(lie)和(he)管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)制(zhi)度(du)(du)。2018年(nian)修訂后(hou)的(de)(de)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)法(fa)規(gui)(gui)定(ding)(ding)實行(xing)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)與職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)級并(bing)行(xing)制(zhi)度(du)(du)，將非領(ling)導(dao)(dao)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)調整為職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)級。2019年(nian)中(zhong)央(yang)辦公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)廳印(yin)發《公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)與職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)級并(bing)行(xing)規(gui)(gui)定(ding)(ding)》，主(zhu)要規(gui)(gui)定(ding)(ding)了綜(zong)合(he)(he)(he)管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)類(lei)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)級設(she)置管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)。結合(he)(he)(he)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)與職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)級并(bing)行(xing)制(zhi)度(du)(du)實施，中(zhong)央(yang)組(zu)織部(bu)(bu)(bu)制(zhi)定(ding)(ding)專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)技術(shu)類(lei)、行(xing)政執(zhi)(zhi)法(fa)類(lei)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)級設(she)置管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)等(deng)配套文件，將兩類(lei)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)序(xu)列(lie)調整為職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)級序(xu)列(lie)，指導(dao)(dao)地方和(he)部(bu)(bu)(bu)門從綜(zong)合(he)(he)(he)管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)類(lei)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)中(zhong)劃分(fen)出專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)技術(shu)類(lei)、行(xing)政執(zhi)(zhi)法(fa)類(lei)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)，公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)分(fen)類(lei)管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)格(ge)局(ju)初(chu)步形成，對激(ji)發隊(dui)伍(wu)(wu)活力、提高(gao)治(zhi)理(li)(li)(li)效能(neng)(neng)發揮了積極作(zuo)用。

黨(dang)的(de)(de)十(shi)九大以來，習近(jin)平(ping)總書記對(dui)干部工作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)、人(ren)才(cai)工作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)、高(gao)素(su)質法治(zhi)工作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)隊(dui)伍建(jian)設等作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)出一系列重要(yao)論述，為完善(shan)專業技術類、行政(zheng)執法類公(gong)(gong)務(wu)員(yuan)管理(li)制度(du)提供了根(gen)本遵(zun)循。為貫徹落(luo)實習近(jin)平(ping)總書記重要(yao)講話和重要(yao)指示(shi)批(pi)示(shi)精(jing)神，適應(ying)新任務(wu)新要(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)，按照中(zhong)央(yang)黨(dang)內法規制定計劃，中(zhong)央(yang)組織(zhi)部啟動(dong)了兩個《規定》修訂工作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)。新修訂的(de)(de)兩個《規定》，深入(ru)貫徹習近(jin)平(ping)新時代中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)特色(se)社會主(zhu)義(yi)思(si)想特別是習近(jin)平(ping)總書記關于(yu)黨(dang)的(de)(de)建(jian)設的(de)(de)重要(yao)思(si)想，貫徹黨(dang)的(de)(de)二(er)(er)十(shi)大和二(er)(er)十(shi)屆(jie)二(er)(er)中(zhong)全會精(jing)神，體現黨(dang)管干部、黨(dang)管人(ren)才(cai)原則和深化行政(zheng)執法體制改革(ge)等要(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)，吸收有關法律和黨(dang)內法規最新規定，對(dui)于(yu)完善(shan)中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)特色(se)公(gong)(gong)務(wu)員(yuan)制度(du)、提高(gao)公(gong)(gong)務(wu)員(yuan)管理(li)科(ke)學(xue)化水平(ping)、建(jian)設堪當民族復興重任的(de)(de)高(gao)素(su)質公(gong)(gong)務(wu)員(yuan)隊(dui)伍，具有重要(yao)意義(yi)。

問：兩個《規定》修訂的總體(ti)考慮是什(shen)么？

答(da)：這次修訂的(de)兩(liang)個《規(gui)(gui)定》在保(bao)持(chi)(chi)原有法(fa)(fa)(fa)規(gui)(gui)框架基本(ben)穩定的(de)基礎上，新增11條內(nei)容、刪除(chu)3條，修訂工作總(zong)體(ti)把握以下幾點：一(yi)是(shi)堅(jian)持(chi)(chi)正(zheng)確政(zheng)治(zhi)方向(xiang)。加強(qiang)黨對公(gong)(gong)(gong)務員(yuan)(yuan)隊伍的(de)集中(zhong)統(tong)一(yi)領導，始終把政(zheng)治(zhi)建(jian)設(she)擺在首位(wei)，突出政(zheng)治(zhi)標準，強(qiang)化政(zheng)治(zhi)要求，引導專業技(ji)術(shu)(shu)類(lei)、行(xing)政(zheng)執(zhi)法(fa)(fa)(fa)類(lei)公(gong)(gong)(gong)務員(yuan)(yuan)堅(jian)定擁護“兩(liang)個確立(li)”、堅(jian)決做(zuo)到“兩(liang)個維護”。二(er)是(shi)突出問(wen)題(ti)導向(xiang)。根據近年來地方和(he)部(bu)門在推(tui)進分(fen)類(lei)改革(ge)中(zhong)遇到的(de)共性問(wen)題(ti)，特別是(shi)針對兩(liang)類(lei)公(gong)(gong)(gong)務員(yuan)(yuan)職(zhi)(zhi)位(wei)設(she)置(zhi)、交流轉任、考(kao)錄培訓(xun)、監督(du)約(yue)束等有關重點難點問(wen)題(ti)，進一(yi)步(bu)明確相(xiang)應的(de)政(zheng)策規(gui)(gui)定。三(san)是(shi)注重系(xi)統(tong)銜接(jie)。在公(gong)(gong)(gong)務員(yuan)(yuan)法(fa)(fa)(fa)、公(gong)(gong)(gong)務員(yuan)(yuan)職(zhi)(zhi)務與職(zhi)(zhi)級并行(xing)規(gui)(gui)定等制度框架內(nei)，建(jian)立(li)與綜合(he)管理類(lei)公(gong)(gong)(gong)務員(yuan)(yuan)總(zong)體(ti)保(bao)持(chi)(chi)對應銜接(jie)的(de)專業技(ji)術(shu)(shu)類(lei)、行(xing)政(zheng)執(zhi)法(fa)(fa)(fa)類(lei)公(gong)(gong)(gong)務員(yuan)(yuan)職(zhi)(zhi)級序列，推(tui)動分(fen)類(lei)管理制度系(xi)統(tong)集成。四是(shi)堅(jian)持(chi)(chi)從嚴管理和(he)激(ji)勵保(bao)障并重。結合(he)兩(liang)類(lei)公(gong)(gong)(gong)務員(yuan)(yuan)履職(zhi)(zhi)特點，完善(shan)權力監督(du)制約(yue)機(ji)制，引導專業技(ji)術(shu)(shu)類(lei)公(gong)(gong)(gong)務員(yuan)(yuan)恪(ke)守職(zhi)(zhi)業道德和(he)學術(shu)(shu)誠信(xin)，培養優良專業素養、專業作風，促(cu)進行(xing)政(zheng)執(zhi)法(fa)(fa)(fa)類(lei)公(gong)(gong)(gong)務員(yuan)(yuan)強(qiang)化法(fa)(fa)(fa)治(zhi)意(yi)識、為(wei)(wei)民觀念，做(zuo)到嚴格規(gui)(gui)范(fan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)正(zheng)文明執(zhi)法(fa)(fa)(fa)。在職(zhi)(zhi)級升(sheng)降、考(kao)核獎勵、工資待遇等方面完善(shan)相(xiang)關政(zheng)策，引導兩(liang)類(lei)公(gong)(gong)(gong)務員(yuan)(yuan)樹(shu)立(li)和(he)踐行(xing)正(zheng)確政(zheng)績觀，敢于擔當、積極作為(wei)(wei)。

問(wen)：兩個《規(gui)定》在加強兩類公務員政治建設上主要作了(le)哪些規(gui)定？

答(da)：公(gong)務(wu)員(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)第(di)一(yi)屬(shu)性(xing)是(shi)(shi)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)屬(shu)性(xing)，德(de)才(cai)(cai)兼備，方(fang)堪重(zhong)任。修訂過(guo)程中，堅(jian)持(chi)把政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)和(he)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)要(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)制度化、具體化，落實到(dao)兩類(lei)公(gong)務(wu)員(yuan)管(guan)理(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)各個環節。一(yi)是(shi)(shi)在(zai)總(zong)則(ze)中，鮮(xian)明提出堅(jian)持(chi)以習近(jin)平新(xin)時(shi)代(dai)中國特色社會主(zhu)義思想為(wei)(wei)指導(dao)，貫(guan)徹新(xin)時(shi)代(dai)黨(dang)(dang)的(de)(de)(de)建設(she)總(zong)要(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)和(he)新(xin)時(shi)代(dai)黨(dang)(dang)的(de)(de)(de)組織路線，落實新(xin)時(shi)代(dai)好(hao)干(gan)部標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)，堅(jian)持(chi)黨(dang)(dang)管(guan)干(gan)部、黨(dang)(dang)管(guan)人(ren)才(cai)(cai)原(yuan)則(ze)，建設(she)忠(zhong)誠干(gan)凈擔當(dang)的(de)(de)(de)高素質(zhi)(zhi)專(zhuan)業化公(gong)務(wu)員(yuan)隊伍；要(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)兩類(lei)公(gong)務(wu)員(yuan)應當(dang)忠(zhong)于憲法(fa)，模范遵守、自覺(jue)維(wei)護憲法(fa)和(he)法(fa)律，自覺(jue)接受(shou)黨(dang)(dang)的(de)(de)(de)領導(dao)，具有(you)良好(hao)的(de)(de)(de)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)素質(zhi)(zhi)和(he)道(dao)德(de)品行。二(er)是(shi)(shi)在(zai)錄用晉(jin)升(sheng)方(fang)面(mian)，明確把政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)素質(zhi)(zhi)作為(wei)(wei)考錄測查(cha)的(de)(de)(de)首(shou)要(yao)(yao)(yao)內(nei)容(rong)(rong)、作為(wei)(wei)職級晉(jin)升(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)首(shou)要(yao)(yao)(yao)條件，要(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)機關必須把政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)放在(zai)首(shou)位，考準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)考實擬晉(jin)升(sheng)職級人(ren)選的(de)(de)(de)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)素質(zhi)(zhi)。三是(shi)(shi)在(zai)培訓方(fang)面(mian)，提出將政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)素質(zhi)(zhi)以及職業道(dao)德(de)、廉潔自律等(deng)(deng)方(fang)面(mian)列(lie)入培訓內(nei)容(rong)(rong)。四是(shi)(shi)在(zai)管(guan)理(li)(li)監督方(fang)面(mian)，規定對(dui)有(you)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能力不(bu)過(guo)硬，缺乏應有(you)的(de)(de)(de)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)判斷力、政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)領悟(wu)力、政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)執行力，在(zai)涉及黨(dang)(dang)的(de)(de)(de)領導(dao)等(deng)(deng)重(zhong)大原(yuan)則(ze)問題上(shang)立場不(bu)堅(jian)定、態度曖昧等(deng)(deng)情形的(de)(de)(de)，應當(dang)對(dui)職務(wu)職級進(jin)行調整；對(dui)有(you)公(gong)開(kai)發表存(cun)在(zai)嚴重(zhong)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)問題言(yan)論、對(dui)黨(dang)(dang)不(bu)忠(zhong)誠不(bu)老實、表里不(bu)一(yi)、陽奉陰違(wei)(wei)等(deng)(deng)違(wei)(wei)反(fan)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)紀(ji)律行為(wei)(wei)的(de)(de)(de)，依(yi)規依(yi)紀(ji)依(yi)法(fa)予(yu)以嚴肅處理(li)(li)等(deng)(deng)。

問：兩個《規定(ding)》在推進兩類公務員(yuan)專業化建設方面作了哪些規定(ding)？

答(da)：在(zai)強(qiang)國(guo)建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)、民族復興(xing)的新征程(cheng)上(shang)，黨和(he)(he)國(guo)家事業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)各(ge)項工作專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)化(hua)(hua)、專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)門化(hua)(hua)、精細化(hua)(hua)程(cheng)度(du)越來越高(gao)(gao)，對(dui)公(gong)(gong)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)員(yuan)(yuan)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)、專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)素養(yang)提(ti)(ti)出了更高(gao)(gao)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求。貫(guan)徹(che)落實(shi)習(xi)近平總(zong)書記關(guan)于建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)高(gao)(gao)素質(zhi)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)化(hua)(hua)干部隊(dui)伍(wu)等(deng)重(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)指(zhi)示(shi)批示(shi)精神，兩(liang)(liang)(liang)個(ge)《規(gui)定》在(zai)加(jia)強(qiang)兩(liang)(liang)(liang)類(lei)(lei)(lei)公(gong)(gong)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)員(yuan)(yuan)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)化(hua)(hua)建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)方面，主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)作了以(yi)下規(gui)定：一是(shi)突出專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求。結合職(zhi)(zhi)位特(te)點(dian)和(he)(he)隊(dui)伍(wu)實(shi)際，在(zai)提(ti)(ti)出共性(xing)管(guan)理(li)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求的同時，對(dui)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)類(lei)(lei)(lei)公(gong)(gong)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)員(yuan)(yuan)管(guan)理(li)強(qiang)調(diao)(diao)“業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)內(nei)認可，分(fen)類(lei)(lei)(lei)評價”，明(ming)(ming)確(que)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)類(lei)(lei)(lei)公(gong)(gong)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)員(yuan)(yuan)任(ren)職(zhi)(zhi)應(ying)當具備相應(ying)的專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)任(ren)職(zhi)(zhi)資格(ge)，對(dui)行(xing)政(zheng)執(zhi)(zhi)法(fa)類(lei)(lei)(lei)公(gong)(gong)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)員(yuan)(yuan)管(guan)理(li)強(qiang)調(diao)(diao)“群(qun)眾公(gong)(gong)認，提(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)執(zhi)(zhi)法(fa)效能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)”，要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求行(xing)政(zheng)執(zhi)(zhi)法(fa)類(lei)(lei)(lei)公(gong)(gong)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)員(yuan)(yuan)應(ying)當強(qiang)化(hua)(hua)行(xing)政(zheng)執(zhi)(zhi)法(fa)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)，提(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)執(zhi)(zhi)法(fa)執(zhi)(zhi)行(xing)力(li)(li)和(he)(he)公(gong)(gong)信力(li)(li)。二(er)是(shi)優化(hua)(hua)職(zhi)(zhi)位設(she)(she)置(zhi)。根據兩(liang)(liang)(liang)類(lei)(lei)(lei)公(gong)(gong)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)員(yuan)(yuan)的工作性(xing)質(zhi)和(he)(he)崗位特(te)點(dian)，明(ming)(ming)確(que)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)類(lei)(lei)(lei)公(gong)(gong)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)員(yuan)(yuan)職(zhi)(zhi)位主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)在(zai)市地級(ji)(ji)以(yi)上(shang)機關(guan)設(she)(she)置(zhi)，行(xing)政(zheng)執(zhi)(zhi)法(fa)類(lei)(lei)(lei)公(gong)(gong)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)員(yuan)(yuan)職(zhi)(zhi)位主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)在(zai)市地級(ji)(ji)以(yi)下機關(guan)設(she)(she)置(zhi)；從服(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)黨和(he)(he)國(guo)家重(zhong)(zhong)大戰略、重(zhong)(zhong)大工程(cheng)、重(zhong)(zhong)大項目等(deng)引(yin)進(jin)(jin)高(gao)(gao)層(ceng)次急需人才要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求出發，明(ming)(ming)確(que)縣級(ji)(ji)以(yi)上(shang)機關(guan)可設(she)(she)置(zhi)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)類(lei)(lei)(lei)公(gong)(gong)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)員(yuan)(yuan)特(te)設(she)(she)職(zhi)(zhi)位，其中突破規(gui)格(ge)、職(zhi)(zhi)數限(xian)額(e)設(she)(she)置(zhi)的職(zhi)(zhi)級(ji)(ji)，職(zhi)(zhi)數單獨管(guan)理(li)。三是(shi)完善分(fen)類(lei)(lei)(lei)考(kao)(kao)錄、考(kao)(kao)核、培(pei)訓政(zheng)策。在(zai)分(fen)類(lei)(lei)(lei)考(kao)(kao)錄方面，明(ming)(ming)確(que)錄用專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)類(lei)(lei)(lei)公(gong)(gong)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)員(yuan)(yuan)應(ying)當重(zhong)(zhong)點(dian)測(ce)(ce)查(cha)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)基礎知(zhi)識(shi)和(he)(he)運用專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)處(chu)理(li)實(shi)際問(wen)題(ti)的能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)，可以(yi)對(dui)有關(guan)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)知(zhi)識(shi)、專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)技(ji)(ji)(ji)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)測(ce)(ce)查(cha)；錄用行(xing)政(zheng)執(zhi)(zhi)法(fa)類(lei)(lei)(lei)公(gong)(gong)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)員(yuan)(yuan)應(ying)當重(zhong)(zhong)點(dian)測(ce)(ce)查(cha)法(fa)律(lv)素養(yang)和(he)(he)法(fa)律(lv)執(zhi)(zhi)行(xing)等(deng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)，可以(yi)對(dui)有關(guan)心(xin)理(li)素質(zhi)、體能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)等(deng)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)測(ce)(ce)評。在(zai)分(fen)類(lei)(lei)(lei)考(kao)(kao)核方面，明(ming)(ming)確(que)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)有針對(dui)性(xing)地設(she)(she)置(zhi)考(kao)(kao)核內(nei)容(rong)和(he)(he)指(zhi)標，采(cai)取(qu)體現職(zhi)(zhi)位特(te)點(dian)的考(kao)(kao)核方法(fa)。在(zai)分(fen)類(lei)(lei)(lei)培(pei)訓方面，明(ming)(ming)確(que)對(dui)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)類(lei)(lei)(lei)公(gong)(gong)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)員(yuan)(yuan)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)強(qiang)化(hua)(hua)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)知(zhi)識(shi)和(he)(he)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)技(ji)(ji)(ji)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)等(deng)培(pei)訓，對(dui)行(xing)政(zheng)執(zhi)(zhi)法(fa)類(lei)(lei)(lei)公(gong)(gong)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)員(yuan)(yuan)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)強(qiang)化(hua)(hua)法(fa)律(lv)、法(fa)規(gui)和(he)(he)執(zhi)(zhi)法(fa)技(ji)(ji)(ji)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)、文明(ming)(ming)執(zhi)(zhi)法(fa)、應(ying)急處(chu)突能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)等(deng)培(pei)訓。

此外，為(wei)引(yin)導專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業技(ji)術類公務員(yuan)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)注(zhu)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業發展、提(ti)高創(chuang)新能力，國(guo)(guo)家鼓勵專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業技(ji)術類公務員(yuan)在工作(zuo)中進行發明創(chuang)造，對取(qu)得(de)顯著經濟效益或者社會效益的給予獎勵。符合條件的專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業技(ji)術類公務員(yuan)，經批(pi)準可(ke)(ke)以參(can)加中央和(he)地(di)方各級重大(da)人(ren)才工程、科技(ji)獎勵和(he)科研(yan)項目評(ping)選(xuan)，納入人(ren)才服務保障體系，作(zuo)出(chu)杰出(chu)貢獻的還可(ke)(ke)納入院士參(can)評(ping)、國(guo)(guo)務院和(he)地(di)方政(zheng)府特殊津貼(tie)評(ping)定等(deng)范圍(wei)。為(wei)促進人(ren)才順暢流(liu)動，明確專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業技(ji)術類公務員(yuan)的專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業技(ji)術任職資格，與企事業單(dan)位專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業技(ji)術人(ren)才職稱(cheng)可(ke)(ke)以按照規定進行互(hu)認轉(zhuan)換。

問：兩個《規定》在從嚴管(guan)理(li)監(jian)督干部方(fang)面作了哪些具體規定？

答：黨(dang)(dang)的(de)(de)二十大報告(gao)提出(chu)，全(quan)面從(cong)(cong)嚴(yan)治(zhi)黨(dang)(dang)永遠(yuan)在路(lu)上，黨(dang)(dang)的(de)(de)自我革命(ming)(ming)永遠(yuan)在路(lu)上。兩(liang)個《規(gui)(gui)定(ding)》落(luo)實(shi)(shi)全(quan)面從(cong)(cong)嚴(yan)治(zhi)黨(dang)(dang)戰(zhan)略部署，堅持全(quan)的(de)(de)要(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)、嚴(yan)的(de)(de)基調、治(zhi)的(de)(de)理念(nian)，進一步完善相關措(cuo)施：一是壓(ya)實(shi)(shi)主(zhu)體責(ze)(ze)任(ren)(ren)。要(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)機(ji)(ji)(ji)關應(ying)當(dang)落(luo)實(shi)(shi)從(cong)(cong)嚴(yan)管(guan)理干部要(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)，嚴(yan)明(ming)(ming)政(zheng)治(zhi)紀(ji)律和政(zheng)治(zhi)規(gui)(gui)矩(ju)，加強(qiang)(qiang)對(dui)兩(liang)類(lei)(lei)(lei)公(gong)務(wu)員(yuan)全(quan)方位(wei)管(guan)理和經常性監(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)。對(dui)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)執法(fa)(fa)(fa)類(lei)(lei)(lei)公(gong)務(wu)員(yuan)還要(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)機(ji)(ji)(ji)關完善行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)執法(fa)(fa)(fa)程序，強(qiang)(qiang)化(hua)(hua)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)執法(fa)(fa)(fa)監(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)機(ji)(ji)(ji)制(zhi)(zhi)，嚴(yan)格落(luo)實(shi)(shi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)執法(fa)(fa)(fa)責(ze)(ze)任(ren)(ren)制(zhi)(zhi)和責(ze)(ze)任(ren)(ren)追(zhui)究(jiu)制(zhi)(zhi)度。二是突出(chu)管(guan)理監(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)重點(dian)。專業技術類(lei)(lei)(lei)公(gong)務(wu)員(yuan)在履行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)職(zhi)責(ze)(ze)中有(you)弄虛作假、濫用職(zhi)權、玩(wan)忽職(zhi)守、徇私舞弊等違(wei)(wei)紀(ji)違(wei)(wei)法(fa)(fa)(fa)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)為的(de)(de)，行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)執法(fa)(fa)(fa)類(lei)(lei)(lei)公(gong)務(wu)員(yuan)在履行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)職(zhi)責(ze)(ze)中有(you)態度惡劣粗暴造(zao)成(cheng)不良后果或者影響、故意刁難或者吃(chi)拿(na)卡要(yao)(yao)(yao)、徇私枉法(fa)(fa)(fa)、打擊報復(fu)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)相對(dui)人等違(wei)(wei)紀(ji)違(wei)(wei)法(fa)(fa)(fa)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)為以及違(wei)(wei)反機(ji)(ji)(ji)關的(de)(de)決定(ding)和命(ming)(ming)令的(de)(de)，要(yao)(yao)(yao)按(an)照有(you)關規(gui)(gui)定(ding)嚴(yan)肅追(zhui)究(jiu)責(ze)(ze)任(ren)(ren)。三(san)是強(qiang)(qiang)化(hua)(hua)權力監(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)和風險(xian)防范。堅持全(quan)鏈條從(cong)(cong)嚴(yan)管(guan)理，與公(gong)務(wu)員(yuan)轉任(ren)(ren)、回避、辭去公(gong)職(zhi)等規(gui)(gui)定(ding)有(you)機(ji)(ji)(ji)銜接(jie)。比如，明(ming)(ming)確(que)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)執法(fa)(fa)(fa)類(lei)(lei)(lei)公(gong)務(wu)員(yuan)在行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)許可(ke)、行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)處罰等同一職(zhi)位(wei)工作滿(man)10年的(de)(de)應(ying)當(dang)轉任(ren)(ren)。比如，明(ming)(ming)確(que)兩(liang)類(lei)(lei)(lei)公(gong)務(wu)員(yuan)辭去公(gong)職(zhi)或者退休(xiu)的(de)(de)，應(ying)當(dang)遵(zun)守從(cong)(cong)業限制(zhi)(zhi)規(gui)(gui)定(ding)，原所在機(ji)(ji)(ji)關和有(you)關部門(men)應(ying)當(dang)按(an)照規(gui)(gui)定(ding)加強(qiang)(qiang)對(dui)其(qi)離職(zhi)從(cong)(cong)業行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)為的(de)(de)管(guan)理監(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)，切實(shi)(shi)防范政(zheng)商(shang)“旋(xuan)轉門(men)”風險(xian)。

問：最后，請(qing)您(nin)談(tan)談(tan)下一步對貫(guan)徹落實兩(liang)個《規定(ding)》有什(shen)么具體部(bu)署(shu)和要求？

答：制(zhi)度的生(sheng)命力(li)(li)在于執(zhi)行(xing)。各地(di)區(qu)和(he)有(you)關(guan)(guan)部(bu)(bu)門要把貫(guan)徹落實(shi)兩(liang)(liang)(liang)個(ge)《規(gui)定(ding)》作(zuo)為(wei)在新(xin)時代(dai)新(xin)征程上加強和(he)改進公(gong)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)、建設堪當民族復興重(zhong)(zhong)任的高(gao)素質(zhi)公(gong)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)隊(dui)伍(wu)的重(zhong)(zhong)要任務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)來(lai)抓(zhua)(zhua)，切實(shi)把公(gong)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)制(zhi)度優勢轉化(hua)為(wei)治理(li)(li)效(xiao)能。一(yi)是加強政策(ce)(ce)宣傳和(he)解讀。中(zhong)央組(zu)(zu)織部(bu)(bu)將(jiang)組(zu)(zu)織開展(zhan)專題培(pei)訓(xun)、做(zuo)好政策(ce)(ce)闡釋解讀，各地(di)區(qu)和(he)有(you)關(guan)(guan)部(bu)(bu)門要采取多種方式(shi)組(zu)(zu)織學(xue)(xue)習、搞好培(pei)訓(xun)，引導(dao)(dao)廣大公(gong)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)和(he)公(gong)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)管(guan)理(li)(li)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)者原原本(ben)(ben)本(ben)(ben)學(xue)(xue)習兩(liang)(liang)(liang)個(ge)《規(gui)定(ding)》，同學(xue)(xue)習公(gong)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)法(fa)(fa)(fa)及(ji)配套法(fa)(fa)(fa)規(gui)、干(gan)部(bu)(bu)選(xuan)拔任用和(he)管(guan)理(li)(li)監督等(deng)相關(guan)(guan)法(fa)(fa)(fa)規(gui)制(zhi)度貫(guan)通起(qi)來(lai)，準確把握精神要義和(he)實(shi)踐(jian)要求(qiu)(qiu)，提高(gao)政策(ce)(ce)執(zhi)行(xing)能力(li)(li)。二是抓(zhua)(zhua)好組(zu)(zu)織實(shi)施(shi)。各地(di)區(qu)和(he)有(you)關(guan)(guan)部(bu)(bu)門要以修訂(ding)頒布兩(liang)(liang)(liang)個(ge)《規(gui)定(ding)》為(wei)契機，統一(yi)思想認識，認真謀(mou)劃部(bu)(bu)署，加大工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)力(li)(li)度。要服務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)黨和(he)國家事業發展(zhan)，優化(hua)公(gong)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)分(fen)類(lei)(lei)管(guan)理(li)(li)格(ge)局，注重(zhong)(zhong)面(mian)向世界科技(ji)(ji)前(qian)沿、面(mian)向經濟(ji)主戰場、面(mian)向國家重(zhong)(zhong)大需(xu)求(qiu)(qiu)、面(mian)向人民生(sheng)命健康，科學(xue)(xue)設置專業技(ji)(ji)術(shu)類(lei)(lei)公(gong)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)職(zhi)位；落實(shi)深化(hua)行(xing)政執(zhi)法(fa)(fa)(fa)體(ti)制(zhi)改革、推進基(ji)層治理(li)(li)現(xian)代(dai)化(hua)要求(qiu)(qiu)，將(jiang)改革到(dao)位、具備條件的綜合(he)執(zhi)法(fa)(fa)(fa)隊(dui)伍(wu)及(ji)時納入行(xing)政執(zhi)法(fa)(fa)(fa)類(lei)(lei)公(gong)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)管(guan)理(li)(li)。要統籌做(zuo)好分(fen)類(lei)(lei)考(kao)錄、分(fen)類(lei)(lei)考(kao)核、分(fen)類(lei)(lei)培(pei)訓(xun)等(deng)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)，充(chong)分(fen)發揮分(fen)類(lei)(lei)管(guan)理(li)(li)整體(ti)效(xiao)能。三是加強跟蹤問(wen)效(xiao)。中(zhong)央組(zu)(zu)織部(bu)(bu)將(jiang)加強工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)指導(dao)(dao)，及(ji)時總結推廣好的經驗做(zuo)法(fa)(fa)(fa)，適時開展(zhan)實(shi)施(shi)情況調研評估。各地(di)區(qu)和(he)有(you)關(guan)(guan)部(bu)(bu)門要加強溝(gou)通協調，形成工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)合(he)力(li)(li)，及(ji)時解決(jue)實(shi)施(shi)中(zhong)出現(xian)的問(wen)題，推動(dong)兩(liang)(liang)(liang)個(ge)《規(gui)定(ding)》落地(di)落實(shi)、取得(de)實(shi)效(xiao)，努力(li)(li)打(da)造創新(xin)能力(li)(li)強、專業素養高(gao)的專業技(ji)(ji)術(shu)類(lei)(lei)公(gong)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)隊(dui)伍(wu)和(he)法(fa)(fa)(fa)治意識強、執(zhi)法(fa)(fa)(fa)能力(li)(li)水平高(gao)的行(xing)政執(zhi)法(fa)(fa)(fa)類(lei)(lei)公(gong)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)隊(dui)伍(wu)。（完）