最近(jin)，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)共中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央辦公廳印發了(le)《中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)管(guan)金(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)企(qi)業領導人(ren)(ren)員管(guan)理暫(zan)行規(gui)定(ding)》（以下(xia)簡稱《管(guan)理規(gui)定(ding)》），中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)共中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央組織部(bu)印發了(le)《中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)管(guan)金(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)企(qi)業領導班子和(he)領導人(ren)(ren)員綜合考核評價辦法（試行）》（以下(xia)簡稱 《考評辦法》），兩(liang)個文件旨在建立和(he)完善中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國特色現代國有金(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)企(qi)業制度。

（《北京青年報》3月19日(ri)）

眾所(suo)周知，目前中(zhong)央(yang)國企(qi)有(you)(you)兩大體系，一(yi)是(shi)國資委管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)下(xia)的(de)中(zhong)央(yang)企(qi)業(ye)，俗稱央(yang)企(qi)；另(ling)一(yi)個是(shi)國有(you)(you)或者(zhe)國有(you)(you)控股的(de)金(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)企(qi)業(ye)。客觀(guan)地說(shuo)，在國資委直接管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)下(xia)，115家央(yang)企(qi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)較為(wei)(wei)規范(fan)。無論(lun)是(shi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)制(zhi)度建設還是(shi)績(ji)效考核考評，以(yi)及日常(chang)監(jian)督(du)監(jian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)相對都較為(wei)(wei)健(jian)全。而國有(you)(you)或者(zhe)國有(you)(you)控股金(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)企(qi)業(ye)雖然“婆婆”不少，但由(you)于金(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)分業(ye)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)體制(zhi)等(deng)原因，現有(you)(you)的(de)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)機構(gou)如銀(yin)監(jian)會(hui)只(zhi)監(jian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)銀(yin)行(xing)業(ye)從事(shi)業(ye)務的(de)合(he)(he)法合(he)(he)規性(xing)，保監(jian)會(hui)只(zhi)監(jian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)保險業(ye)業(ye)務的(de)合(he)(he)法合(he)(he)規性(xing)，證(zheng)監(jian)會(hui)只(zhi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)證(zheng)券(quan)業(ye)務的(de)合(he)(he)規合(he)(he)法性(xing)，人(ren)民銀(yin)行(xing)只(zhi)監(jian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)結(jie)算業(ye)務的(de)合(he)(he)規合(he)(he)法性(xing)以(yi)及掌管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)貨幣政(zheng)策等(deng)。對于國有(you)(you)金(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)企(qi)業(ye)的(de)高管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)、金(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)資產管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)、績(ji)效考核等(deng)既沒有(you)(you)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)機構(gou)也沒有(you)(you)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)辦法，特別是(shi)對于中(zhong)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)金(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)機構(gou)領導班子和領導人(ren)員管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)和考核，一(yi)直處于缺位狀態。

有(you)(you)統計顯示，目(mu)前國有(you)(you)金融企業資(zi)產(chan)已經(jing)高達150萬億元。管(guan)(guan)理(li)好這(zhe)筆巨額資(zi)產(chan)，先從(cong)管(guan)(guan)理(li)這(zhe)些金融資(zi)產(chan)的領導(dao)(dao)人和領導(dao)(dao)班子著手(shou)是非常必(bi)要的。因此，中(zhong)共中(zhong)央和中(zhong)央組織部分(fen)別印發針對中(zhong)管(guan)(guan)金融企業的兩個管(guan)(guan)理(li)辦法是非常必(bi)要和及時的。

這兩(liang)個文件中(zhong)最受關注的(de)(de)，首先(xian)是(shi)(shi)“造就高(gao)素(su)質的(de)(de)社會(hui)主義金(jin)融(rong)(rong)企業家(jia)隊伍(wu)為目標”，這是(shi)(shi)從我國(guo)國(guo)有金(jin)融(rong)(rong)業的(de)(de)長遠(yuan)發展和大(da)局出發而著眼的(de)(de)。塑造一大(da)批金(jin)融(rong)(rong)企業家(jia)既是(shi)(shi)我國(guo)金(jin)融(rong)(rong)業發展所急需，也是(shi)(shi)中(zhong)國(guo)金(jin)融(rong)(rong)業走向(xiang)世(shi)界之必然(ran)，更是(shi)(shi)當(dang)前(qian)我國(guo)金(jin)融(rong)(rong)業的(de)(de)短(duan)板(ban)。其次(ci)，辦法規范了中(zhong)管金(jin)融(rong)(rong)企業領導人(ren)應當(dang)具備的(de)(de)基本條件和任職資(zi)格，照此對號入座選拔高(gao)管，操(cao)作性很強(qiang)，杜絕(jue)和避免了主觀人(ren)為因(yin)素(su)過(guo)大(da)的(de)(de)現象。

更應(ying)該引起注(zhu)意(yi)的(de)(de)是(shi)，辦法提(ti)出(chu)要加(jia)大市場(chang)(chang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)選(xuan)聘力(li)度、實行契(qi)約(yue)化(hua)(hua)(hua)管(guan)理、建立任(ren)期制(zhi)等深(shen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)企業人事制(zhi)度改革的(de)(de)新措施，這是(shi)未(wei)來中(zhong)(zhong)管(guan)金融企業包括(kuo)央企選(xuan)拔領導(dao)人的(de)(de)發展方向，能(neng)促(cu)進(jin)(jin)中(zhong)(zhong)管(guan)金融企業采取更加(jia)市場(chang)(chang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)、商業化(hua)(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)方式來運作，以提(ti)高中(zhong)(zhong)管(guan)金融企業的(de)(de)競(jing)爭力(li)和(he)運營(ying)水平。同時，進(jin)(jin)行契(qi)約(yue)化(hua)(hua)(hua)管(guan)理，通過(guo)契(qi)約(yue)來使得薪酬與(yu)業績(ji)掛鉤，有(you)助于(yu)激活(huo)中(zhong)(zhong)管(guan)金融企業的(de)(de)管(guan)理機制(zhi)。

隨著(zhu)市(shi)(shi)場(chang)化、契約化選拔金(jin)(jin)融高管(guan)(guan)的(de)有序推進，中管(guan)(guan)金(jin)(jin)融企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)包(bao)括央企(qi)都應該逐步取消套(tao)(tao)用的(de)行政(zheng)(zheng)級別(bie)。國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)企(qi)是(shi)獨立(li)法(fa)人，是(shi)市(shi)(shi)場(chang)經(jing)濟的(de)一(yi)個細胞，而(er)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)企(qi)卻(que)按照行政(zheng)(zheng)機(ji)構(gou)套(tao)(tao)用行政(zheng)(zheng)級別(bie)，國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)企(qi)老(lao)總仍(reng)按照行政(zheng)(zheng)官員(yuan)套(tao)(tao)用級別(bie)待遇(yu)，其(qi)矛(mao)盾之(zhi)處在于：國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)企(qi)老(lao)總薪(xin)酬待遇(yu)上按照市(shi)(shi)場(chang)化的(de)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)標準要求與國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)接軌，從(cong)而(er)拿著(zhu)天價年薪(xin)，卻(que)又按照行政(zheng)(zheng)級別(bie)戴(dai)著(zhu) “官帽”，這種(zhong)做法(fa)往(wang)往(wang)使國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)企(qi)不能真正成為市(shi)(shi)場(chang)主體，容易背靠國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家這棵大樹，沒有創新(xin)和競爭的(de)動力，更容易使得國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)企(qi)老(lao)總在官場(chang)和商場(chang)間“進退維谷”，而(er)不是(shi)一(yi)心撲在企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)上，把企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)搞好(hao)。

這種(zhong)“四不(bu)像(xiang)”機制(zhi)應該徹(che)(che)底(di)改革。要使國企真(zhen)正成為(wei)(wei)市場(chang)(chang)(chang)經濟(ji)主(zhu)體而不(bu)附帶任(ren)何行(xing)政色(se)彩，真(zhen)正依靠市場(chang)(chang)(chang)競爭而站(zhan)住腳，與其(qi)(qi)他市場(chang)(chang)(chang)主(zhu)體平起平坐(zuo)，才(cai)會有(you)利于促進我(wo)國社會主(zhu)義(yi)市場(chang)(chang)(chang)經濟(ji)體制(zhi)的完善。取消國企老總行(xing)政級別，徹(che)(che)底(di)斷(duan)了(le)其(qi)(qi)行(xing)政官員級別待(dai)遇(yu)的后路，一(yi)方面(mian)能使國企老總一(yi)心撲(pu)在企業上、背水一(yi)戰、心無旁騖地(di)把(ba)企業搞(gao)好，另一(yi)方面(mian)也為(wei)(wei)國企老總徹(che)(che)底(di)實(shi)行(xing)面(mian)向海內外的市場(chang)(chang)(chang)化招聘奠定(ding)了(le)基礎。