每(mei)經編輯｜每(mei)經記(ji)者(zhe) 黃俊(jun)玲    

每經記者 黃俊玲

8月21日(ri)，《每日(ri)經濟新聞(wen)》記者從(cong)保監會獲(huo)悉，全國(guo)首個地震保險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)專項試點于8月20日(ri)在云南省(sheng)大理(li)州啟動(dong)。啟動(dong)儀式(shi)上，大理(li)州人民政(zheng)府與誠泰(tai)財(cai)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、人保財(cai)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、平安財(cai)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、大地財(cai)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、中(zhong)華聯(lian)合(he)、中(zhong)再產(chan)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)6家公司(si)簽(qian)署(shu)戰略合(he)作協(xie)議(yi)和農房(fang)地震保險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)試點協(xie)議(yi)。誠泰(tai)財(cai)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、人保財(cai)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、平安財(cai)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、大地財(cai)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、中(zhong)華聯(lian)合(he)5家公司(si)簽(qian)訂試點共保協(xie)議(yi)。

據了解(jie)，此次(ci)云(yun)(yun)南農(nong)(nong)房(fang)地震(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)以(yi)政(zheng)(zheng)府(fu)(fu)災害(hai)救(jiu)助(zhu)(zhu)為體(ti)(ti)(ti)系基(ji)礎(chu)，以(yi)政(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)性保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)為基(ji)本保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)，以(yi)商業保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)為有益補充(chong)，構建(jian)(jian)了三(san)位一(yi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)的(de)(de)(de)巨災風(feng)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)管理(li)(li)體(ti)(ti)(ti)系。一(yi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)立(li)足全面保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)民(min)生(sheng)(sheng)。云(yun)(yun)南約50%以(yi)上的(de)(de)(de)農(nong)(nong)房(fang)為土木結構，往往小震(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)大(da)(da)災、大(da)(da)震(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)巨災,農(nong)(nong)村、農(nong)(nong)民(min)是(shi)(shi)(shi)最需要地震(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)的(de)(de)(de)地區(qu)和群體(ti)(ti)(ti)。試點(dian)(dian)方案從風(feng)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)最高，損失最大(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)農(nong)(nong)房(fang)地震(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)災害(hai)著手(shou)，既保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)財(cai)(cai)產損失又保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)人(ren)員傷害(hai)，在三(san)年(nian)(nian)的(de)(de)(de)試點(dian)(dian)期限(xian)(xian)內，為大(da)(da)理(li)(li)白族自治州所轄12縣（市）82.43萬(wan)戶農(nong)(nong)村房(fang)屋(wu)及356.92萬(wan)大(da)(da)理(li)(li)州居(ju)(ju)民(min)提供(gong)風(feng)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)。為體(ti)(ti)(ti)現民(min)生(sheng)(sheng)關懷，試點(dian)(dian)期間由(you)省、州、縣三(san)級政(zheng)(zheng)府(fu)(fu)財(cai)(cai)政(zheng)(zheng)全額(e)承(cheng)擔保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)費。二(er)是(shi)(shi)(shi)有效提高保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)水平。方案對試點(dian)(dian)地區(qu)發(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)5級（含(han)）以(yi)上地震(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)造成的(de)(de)(de)農(nong)(nong)村房(fang)屋(wu)的(de)(de)(de)直接損失、恢復重建(jian)(jian)費用(yong)(yong)以(yi)及居(ju)(ju)民(min)死(si)(si)亡(wang)救(jiu)助(zhu)(zhu)提供(gong)了有效保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)。農(nong)(nong)村房(fang)屋(wu)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)賠償(chang)(chang)限(xian)(xian)額(e)（指數保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)）從2,800萬(wan)元(yuan)到(dao)42,000萬(wan)元(yuan)，使(shi)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)賠款(kuan)在不同震(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)級分(fen)檔(dang)下(xia)起(qi)到(dao)災害(hai)救(jiu)助(zhu)(zhu)補充(chong)作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)。居(ju)(ju)民(min)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)賠償(chang)(chang)限(xian)(xian)額(e)（地震(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)災害(hai)救(jiu)助(zhu)(zhu)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)）每人(ren)死(si)(si)亡(wang)賠償(chang)(chang)限(xian)(xian)額(e)為10萬(wan)元(yuan)，累計保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)死(si)(si)亡(wang)賠償(chang)(chang)限(xian)(xian)額(e)為8,000萬(wan)元(yuan)/年(nian)(nian)。三(san)是(shi)(shi)(shi)完(wan)善風(feng)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)分(fen)散(san)機(ji)(ji)(ji)制(zhi)。保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)公司(si)組建(jian)(jian)地震(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)共同體(ti)(ti)(ti)提供(gong)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)服務(wu)(wu)，強化抗風(feng)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)能(neng)(neng)力和保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)服務(wu)(wu)能(neng)(neng)力；引入(ru)再(zai)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)制(zhi)，進一(yi)步(bu)(bu)分(fen)散(san)巨災風(feng)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)；按照當年(nian)(nian)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)費收入(ru)和超(chao)額(e)承(cheng)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)利(li)潤的(de)(de)(de)一(yi)定比例(li)計提地震(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)風(feng)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)準備金，逐步(bu)(bu)積累應對地震(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)災害(hai)風(feng)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)(de)能(neng)(neng)力。四是(shi)(shi)(shi)放(fang)(fang)大(da)(da)政(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)疊加效應。通過政(zheng)(zheng)府(fu)(fu)“有形(xing)之手(shou)”為市場“無形(xing)之手(shou)”發(fa)揮作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)創造條件，凸顯保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)“災前預防-災害(hai)補償(chang)(chang)-促(cu)進災后(hou)重建(jian)(jian)”的(de)(de)(de)重要功能(neng)(neng)作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)，使(shi)受災群眾在國家財(cai)(cai)政(zheng)(zheng)救(jiu)濟基(ji)礎(chu)上獲(huo)得額(e)外的(de)(de)(de)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)。據測算，通過保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)制(zhi)使(shi)財(cai)(cai)政(zheng)(zheng)資(zi)金的(de)(de)(de)杠桿放(fang)(fang)大(da)(da)倍(bei)數最高達到(dao)了15.6倍(bei)，能(neng)(neng)夠有效轉移和平滑區(qu)域巨災風(feng)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)損失。農(nong)(nong)房(fang)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)賠償(chang)(chang)平均可達到(dao)地震(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)民(min)房(fang)恢復重建(jian)(jian)政(zheng)(zheng)府(fu)(fu)補助(zhu)(zhu)總金額(e)的(de)(de)(de)34.07%，切實(shi)提高災區(qu)居(ju)(ju)民(min)重建(jian)(jian)能(neng)(neng)力。