每日經濟(ji)新聞(wen) 2022-08-09 21:56:52
每經(jing)(jing)記(ji)者|王硯丹 每經(jing)(jing)編(bian)輯|彭(peng)水萍
8月9日(ri),深(shen)圳(zhen)證監局(ju)官網顯示,招商證券(SH600999,股(gu)價13.36元,市值1162億元)、中山證券雙雙收到(dao)警示函(han)。
數據來源:記者整理 視覺中國圖 楊靖制(zhi)圖
《每日經濟(ji)新聞》記者(zhe)發現,招商證券收(shou)到警示函(han)的原因在(zai)(zai)于從(cong)事投(tou)資(zi)銀行類業(ye)務過程中存(cun)在(zai)(zai)盡職(zhi)調查不(bu)充(chong)分等(deng)三(san)大問題(ti),而中山證券則在(zai)(zai)資(zi)產證券化業(ye)務中存(cun)在(zai)(zai)整體風險管控存(cun)在(zai)(zai)不(bu)足等(deng)四(si)大問題(ti)。
資(zi)(zi)(zi)產(chan)(chan)(chan)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)券(quan)(quan)化(hua)(hua)的(de)風(feng)控問題(ti)受到了監(jian)管方高度重(zhong)視。3月(yue)3日,北京(jing)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)監(jian)局發(fa)布《關于做好2022年轄(xia)區(qu)資(zi)(zi)(zi)產(chan)(chan)(chan)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)券(quan)(quan)化(hua)(hua)業(ye)(ye)務(wu)(wu)相(xiang)關工作的(de)通(tong)知》,督促(cu)北京(jing)轄(xia)區(qu)資(zi)(zi)(zi)產(chan)(chan)(chan)支持證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)券(quan)(quan)相(xiang)關市場主體和(he)中介機構(gou)歸位盡(jin)責,切實(shi)防控資(zi)(zi)(zi)產(chan)(chan)(chan)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)券(quan)(quan)化(hua)(hua)業(ye)(ye)務(wu)(wu)風(feng)險,促(cu)進(jin)轄(xia)區(qu)資(zi)(zi)(zi)產(chan)(chan)(chan)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)券(quan)(quan)化(hua)(hua)業(ye)(ye)務(wu)(wu)健(jian)康發(fa)展(zhan)。5月(yue)26日,深(shen)圳證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)監(jian)局在《證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)券(quan)(quan)期(qi)貨(huo)機構(gou)監(jian)管通(tong)訊(2022第3期(qi))》也指(zhi)出,資(zi)(zi)(zi)產(chan)(chan)(chan)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)券(quan)(quan)化(hua)(hua)是(shi)具(ju)有(you)投資(zi)(zi)(zi)銀行特性的(de)業(ye)(ye)務(wu)(wu),證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)券(quan)(quan)資(zi)(zi)(zi)管子公(gong)司(si)開展(zhan)資(zi)(zi)(zi)產(chan)(chan)(chan)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)券(quan)(quan)化(hua)(hua)業(ye)(ye)務(wu)(wu),應(ying)按照證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)券(quan)(quan)公(gong)司(si)標準(zhun)嚴格(ge)落實(shi)《證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)券(quan)(quan)公(gong)司(si)投資(zi)(zi)(zi)銀行類業(ye)(ye)務(wu)(wu)內部控制指(zhi)引》,督導業(ye)(ye)務(wu)(wu)和(he)內控人員勤勉(mian)盡(jin)責,切實(shi)保障執業(ye)(ye)質量。
均涉及資產證券化業務
深圳證(zheng)(zheng)監局指出,招(zhao)商證(zheng)(zheng)券在從事(shi)投資(zi)銀行類業(ye)務(wu)過程中(zhong),存(cun)(cun)在以下問題:一是(shi)(shi)保薦業(ye)務(wu)中(zhong),個別項(xiang)目對(dui)(dui)發(fa)行人的(de)收入確認(ren)、核心技術(shu)、研發(fa)費用核算盡(jin)(jin)職(zhi)調(diao)查(cha)(cha)(cha)不(bu)充分(fen)(fen)。二是(shi)(shi)債券承銷業(ye)務(wu)中(zhong),個別項(xiang)目對(dui)(dui)發(fa)行人的(de)債務(wu)情況(kuang),對(dui)(dui)外擔保情況(kuang),償(chang)債能力,關聯交易情況(kuang),重(zhong)大(da)仲(zhong)裁、訴訟和其他重(zhong)大(da)事(shi)項(xiang)及(ji)或有事(shi)項(xiang)等盡(jin)(jin)職(zhi)調(diao)查(cha)(cha)(cha)不(bu)充分(fen)(fen)。三是(shi)(shi)資(zi)產證(zheng)(zheng)券化業(ye)務(wu)中(zhong),個別項(xiang)目對(dui)(dui)原始權益人、托管(guan)人的(de)資(zi)信水平等盡(jin)(jin)職(zhi)調(diao)查(cha)(cha)(cha)不(bu)充分(fen)(fen);盡(jin)(jin)職(zhi)調(diao)查(cha)(cha)(cha)報告未(wei)包含對(dui)(dui)重(zhong)要(yao)債務(wu)人進(jin)行盡(jin)(jin)職(zhi)調(diao)查(cha)(cha)(cha)的(de)情況(kuang);存(cun)(cun)續期管(guan)理對(dui)(dui)基礎資(zi)產現(xian)金流監督檢查(cha)(cha)(cha)不(bu)到位,未(wei)發(fa)現(xian)涉及(ji)基礎資(zi)產現(xian)金流的(de)重(zhong)大(da)事(shi)項(xiang)并發(fa)布臨(lin)時(shi)公告。
中山證券則在(zai)從事資(zi)產(chan)證券化(hua)業務(wu)過程(cheng)中,存在(zai)以下問(wen)題:一是(shi)公(gong)(gong)司(si)層面整(zheng)體風險(xian)管控(kong)(kong)存在(zai)不足(zu)。公(gong)(gong)司(si)資(zi)產(chan)證券化(hua)業務(wu)涉(she)房項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)占(zhan)比(bi)較(jiao)高(gao),風險(xian)相對(dui)(dui)集中,公(gong)(gong)司(si)層面未(wei)(wei)能通過有效的(de)(de)(de)風險(xian)管控(kong)(kong)措施及時壓降。二(er)是(shi)質量控(kong)(kong)制機制不夠完(wan)善(shan)。公(gong)(gong)司(si)部分項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)質控(kong)(kong)環節形成(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)質量控(kong)(kong)制報(bao)告(gao)內(nei)容不完(wan)善(shan),未(wei)(wei)明確需要提(ti)請內(nei)核會議討(tao)論關注的(de)(de)(de)問(wen)題。三是(shi)內(nei)核機制執行不到(dao)位。公(gong)(gong)司(si)個(ge)別(bie)項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)對(dui)(dui)內(nei)核意見的(de)(de)(de)答復(fu)、跟蹤不充分。四是(shi)盡職調查不完(wan)備(bei)。公(gong)(gong)司(si)個(ge)別(bie)項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)對(dui)(dui)原(yuan)始權益人對(dui)(dui)外擔(dan)保的(de)(de)(de)核查不夠充分,對(dui)(dui)中介機構(gou)相關意見的(de)(de)(de)核查未(wei)(wei)納(na)入工作底稿,《盡職調查報(bao)告(gao)》對(dui)(dui)個(ge)別(bie)事項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)未(wei)(wei)發表明確意見。
由此(ci)可見(jian),招商證(zheng)(zheng)券和中山證(zheng)(zheng)券所涉及的違規問題均涉及資產證(zheng)(zheng)券化(hua)業(ye)務,且均存在盡調不充分等問題。
資產證券化成監管重點
值(zhi)得一(yi)提的是,近年(nian)來,券商的資產證券化業務(wu)在(zai)蓬勃發展過程中,也暴露出(chu)諸多或(huo)大或(huo)小的風(feng)控問題,從(cong)而(er)成為監管處罰的重點。
8月(yue)(yue)8日,內(nei)蒙(meng)(meng)古(gu)證監局發布公(gong)告稱,恒泰證券(quan)作為(wei)慶匯租賃一期(qi)資產支(zhi)持專項(xiang)(xiang)計劃的計劃管理(li)人,未(wei)對專項(xiang)(xiang)計劃基(ji)礎資產進行(xing)全面盡職(zhi)調查,內(nei)部質量(liang)控制不(bu)(bu)嚴,內(nei)控機制執行(xing)不(bu)(bu)到位。內(nei)蒙(meng)(meng)古(gu)證監局指出,上述行(xing)為(wei)違(wei)反了(le)《證券(quan)公(gong)司(si)及基(ji)金管理(li)公(gong)司(si)子(zi)公(gong)司(si)資產證券(quan)化業(ye)務(wu)管理(li)規定》。申文(wen)波、申摯作為(wei)慶匯租賃一期(qi)資產支(zhi)持專項(xiang)(xiang)計劃項(xiang)(xiang)目的核心負(fu)責(ze)人,對上述違(wei)規行(xing)為(wei)負(fu)有直(zhi)接責(ze)任(ren)。內(nei)蒙(meng)(meng)古(gu)證監局因此決定認定兩人為(wei)不(bu)(bu)適(shi)當人選,在(zai)2022年(nian)8月(yue)(yue)3日至2024年(nian)8月(yue)(yue)3日期(qi)間(jian),不(bu)(bu)得從事資產證券(quan)化相(xiang)關業(ye)務(wu)或(huo)者(zhe)實際履行(xing)上述職(zhi)務(wu)。
慶匯租賃一期(qi)資產(chan)支持專項(xiang)(xiang)計(ji)劃(hua)項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)爆雷已有3年。2019年4月,遼寧監管(guan)局(ju)已經(jing)對(dui)對(dui)恒(heng)泰證券采取(qu)出具警示函措施的決定,稱恒(heng)泰證券作為慶匯租賃一期(qi)資產(chan)支持專項(xiang)(xiang)計(ji)劃(hua)的計(ji)劃(hua)管(guan)理人,未(wei)對(dui)專項(xiang)(xiang)計(ji)劃(hua)基礎資產(chan)進行(xing)(xing)全面的盡(jin)職調查(cha)(cha),即存在(zai)部(bu)(bu)分(fen)盡(jin)職調查(cha)(cha)過程未(wei)嚴格執行(xing)(xing)程序,部(bu)(bu)分(fen)訪(fang)(fang)談未(wei)制作訪(fang)(fang)談記(ji)錄,盡(jin)職調查(cha)(cha)底稿訪(fang)(fang)談記(ji)錄不完(wan)整,部(bu)(bu)分(fen)訪(fang)(fang)談僅(jin)有錄音、未(wei)經(jing)被訪(fang)(fang)談人簽字等(deng)問(wen)題(ti)。
而(er)就在一(yi)個月前,內(nei)(nei)蒙(meng)(meng)古(gu)證(zheng)(zheng)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)局(ju)(ju)公(gong)布(bu)3份行(xing)政(zheng)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)措(cuo)施(shi)(shi)決(jue)定(ding)(ding),對(dui)(dui)(dui)恒(heng)泰(tai)證(zheng)(zheng)券(quan)3名員工開出(chu)罰單。內(nei)(nei)蒙(meng)(meng)古(gu)證(zheng)(zheng)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)局(ju)(ju)指出(chu),因(yin)在慶匯租賃一(yi)期(qi)資產(chan)支(zhi)持專項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)計劃項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目問題上,鄧浩(hao)(hao)作(zuo)為(wei)恒(heng)泰(tai)證(zheng)(zheng)券(quan)時任分管(guan)資產(chan)證(zheng)(zheng)券(quan)化業務的負(fu)責人,對(dui)(dui)(dui)上述違(wei)(wei)規(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)行(xing)為(wei)負(fu)有(you)(you)領(ling)導責任,內(nei)(nei)蒙(meng)(meng)古(gu)證(zheng)(zheng)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)局(ju)(ju)決(jue)定(ding)(ding)對(dui)(dui)(dui)鄧浩(hao)(hao)采取(qu)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)談話的行(xing)政(zheng)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)措(cuo)施(shi)(shi)。張金(jin)(jin)華作(zuo)為(wei)項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目質控(kong)負(fu)責人,對(dui)(dui)(dui)上述違(wei)(wei)規(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)行(xing)為(wei)負(fu)有(you)(you)責任。按照(zhao)《管(guan)理規(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)定(ding)(ding)》第四十(shi)六條的規(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)定(ding)(ding),內(nei)(nei)蒙(meng)(meng)古(gu)證(zheng)(zheng)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)局(ju)(ju)決(jue)定(ding)(ding)對(dui)(dui)(dui)張金(jin)(jin)華采取(qu)出(chu)具警示函的行(xing)政(zheng)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)措(cuo)施(shi)(shi)。呂浩(hao)(hao)辰作(zuo)為(wei)項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目具體經辦人,對(dui)(dui)(dui)上述違(wei)(wei)規(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)行(xing)為(wei)負(fu)有(you)(you)責任。按照(zhao)《管(guan)理規(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)定(ding)(ding)》第四十(shi)六條的規(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)定(ding)(ding),內(nei)(nei)蒙(meng)(meng)古(gu)證(zheng)(zheng)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)局(ju)(ju)決(jue)定(ding)(ding)對(dui)(dui)(dui)呂浩(hao)(hao)辰采取(qu)出(chu)具警示函的行(xing)政(zheng)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)措(cuo)施(shi)(shi)。這(zhe)意(yi)味(wei)著包括申文波、申摯在內(nei)(nei),恒(heng)泰(tai)證(zheng)(zheng)券(quan)已有(you)(you)5名員工因(yin)為(wei)該項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目受(shou)罰。另外(wai),根據7月初北京法(fa)院審(shen)判(pan)(pan)信息網公(gong)布(bu)的判(pan)(pan)決(jue)書,因(yin)該項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目恒(heng)泰(tai)證(zheng)(zheng)券(quan)要賠償銀(yin)河金(jin)(jin)匯等3家機構共計2.96億元。
此(ci)外,今年以來,除了投(tou)行條線(xian)外,券(quan)商(shang)資(zi)管(guan)也出現了因資(zi)產證(zheng)券(quan)化受罰的情況。天風資(zi)管(guan)、銀河金匯(hui)、信達證(zheng)券(quan)均因資(zi)產證(zheng)券(quan)化業務違規(gui)收到過罰單。
封面(mian)圖片(pian)來源:數據(ju)來源:記者整理視覺(jue)中國圖楊靖(jing)制圖
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